What specific genetic markers did studies identify as conferring cold tolerance in mammoths?
Answer
Changes in genes related to fat metabolism, hair production, and hemoglobin
The ability to sequence ancient mammoth genomes allowed scientists to pinpoint the specific molecular tools mammoths used to survive harsh periglacial environments. Genomic projects identified particular genetic mutations directly linked to cold adaptation. These key adaptations involve alterations in the genes controlling essential physiological processes, specifically those responsible for fat metabolism, the quality and density of hair production, and the efficiency of hemoglobin, which affects oxygen transport in cold conditions.
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Evolution of the woolly mammoth - BBC science - YouTube
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