What is the specific particle size range zebra mussels capture most effectively via their gill system sieve?

Particles between 2 and 40 micrometers in diameter

The success of the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, as an ecological invader is deeply tied to the mechanics of its specialized gill system. This internal structure functions as a highly efficient sieve, designed specifically to separate and capture suspended particles within a narrow size spectrum. The literature consistently highlights that the mussels are particularly adept at trapping and ingesting matter measuring approximately 2 to 40 micrometers in diameter. This specific range often encompasses the most nutritionally valuable and easily digestible food sources, such as smaller phytoplankton species. While they are opportunistic and will consume detritus or larger particles if necessary, the primary efficiency and impact stem from their preference for this particular microscopic size bracket, which dictates the bulk of their energy intake.