What mechanism drives speciation linked to the Black-and-Yellow Tanager's restricted Pacific slope range?

Answer

Allopatric speciation, where geographic barriers like mountain ranges isolate populations, leading to genetic divergence.

The restricted distribution of the Black-and-Yellow Tanager along the humid lowlands of the Pacific slope suggests that processes leading to allopatric speciation have been highly influential in its evolutionary history. Allopatric speciation occurs when a population becomes geographically isolated from other populations due to physical barriers, such as high mountain ranges or broad, dry valleys that separate regions with different environmental pressures. Once isolated, these populations experience different selective pressures—related to humidity, food availability, or visibility conditions—driving independent evolutionary trajectories over time until they become reproductively distinct species. The stable, specialized niche provided by the continuously wet Pacific slope environment likely allowed *C. chrysomelas* to evolve its specific adaptations without constant pressure from hybridization or competition with congeners inhabiting drastically different areas, such as the Caribbean slope or higher elevations.

What mechanism drives speciation linked to the Black-and-Yellow Tanager's restricted Pacific slope range?
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