What family does the Black-and-Yellow Tanager (*Chrysothlypis chrysomelas*) currently reside in?
Thraupidae
The Black-and-Yellow Tanager, scientifically designated as *Chrysothlypis chrysomelas*, is currently placed within the Thraupidae family, which represents the true tanagers. This placement was determined through modern molecular studies that clarified avian relationships, revising earlier classifications where the term 'tanager' was used more broadly for various colorful New World passerines. The complexity of avian taxonomy is highlighted by the fact that some birds previously associated with genera like *Thraupis* were even reassigned to entirely different families, such as the Cardinalidae, demonstrating that superficial visual similarity does not always correlate with close genetic lineage. The genus *Chrysothlypis*, housing this specific tanager, has been solidified within Thraupidae by genetic work, indicating a tighter evolutionary cluster distinct from those groups that were moved out.
