What type of nesting habitat is indicated by small, perfectly round exit holes in dead branches for cavity-nesting Hylaeus species?

Answer

An indication that a solitary bee, possibly a *Hylaeus*, has recently emerged.

For individuals managing landscapes outside of Hawaii where native *Hylaeus* species like *H. anomalus* reside, observing specific signs can confirm their presence. A key indicator of recent emergence from a cavity nest is the appearance of small, perfectly round exit holes in dead branches or old, dried stems. These holes are typically about the diameter of a pencil lead. The presence of such holes suggests that a solitary bee, likely one of the *Hylaeus* species that use pithy stems or pre-existing holes for nesting galleries, has recently completed its development and emerged as an adult from its hidden nursery chamber.

What type of nesting habitat is indicated by small, perfectly round exit holes in dead branches for cavity-nesting Hylaeus species?
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