What physical geometry is noted for the water vole compared to a similar-sized rat, suggesting a thermal advantage?
Answer
A lower surface-area-to-volume ratio
The water vole exhibits a compact, somewhat rounded body profile. This specific body geometry results in a lower surface-area-to-volume ratio when compared to a similar-sized rat. This ratio is highly significant because it contributes to thermal regulation. A lower ratio means the animal loses less heat to the environment relative to its total body mass. When coupled with the vole's dense fur, this physical characteristic provides an important thermal advantage, enabling the animal to maintain its core body temperature more efficiently, which is essential given its reliance on spending time immersed in cooler water environments like slow-moving rivers and ditches.
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