Which major continents are cited as having no documented, established wild populations of wolf snakes?

Answer

The Americas, Europe, or Africa

The distribution of wolf snakes, which belong to the genus *Lycodon*, is strictly confined to the Old World, specifically tracing biogeographic routes across the Asian continent and its archipelagos. There is a specific absence of confirmed, established wild populations in regions such as the Americas, Europe, and Africa. While the possibility of accidental introductions via cargo or imported plants always exists globally, their natural, thriving populations are absent from these Western and African landmasses.

Which major continents are cited as having no documented, established wild populations of wolf snakes?
locationreptileWolf snake