What physiological adaptation allows *Xerus* species to manage water scarcity efficiently?
Answer
Their urine is highly concentrated, which minimizes water loss during waste elimination
A critical survival mechanism for *Xerus* in arid environments is their remarkable efficiency in water conservation, primarily managed through renal function. Their kidneys are adapted to produce highly concentrated urine. This means that when eliminating metabolic waste, the squirrels lose substantially less precious water compared to animals with less efficient kidney systems. Coupled with deriving moisture from their diet of seeds, roots, and tubers, this physiological trait allows them to endure long periods without drinking free water, making them highly resilient desert dwellers.
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