What larval size is generally targeted for traditional contact control tactics?
Answer
Around one-quarter to one-half inch in length, just after bud emergence
Successful traditional control strategies for the Winter Moth rely heavily on interrupting the brief, intense feeding period of the caterpillars. Management tactics using contact insecticides or biological controls like *Bacillus thuringiensis* (Bt) are most effective when the caterpillars are small and actively consuming foliage. Specifically, the optimal time for application is when the larvae are newly emerged from the buds and measure approximately one-quarter to one-half inch in length. Applying treatments before the caterpillars reach this size or after they have fed significantly and grown larger results in reduced efficacy.

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