What specific adaptation defines the female Operophtera brumata regarding movement?

Answer

Has effectively lost the ability to fly

The female Winter Moth exhibits extreme sexual dimorphism characterized by her inability to fly. She is described as virtually wingless, often possessing only greatly reduced wings appearing as small stubs or rudimentary structures. This flightless state dictates her reproductive strategy; she emerges from the pupa and must crawl, typically up tree trunks or buildings, to a stationary position where she emits pheromones to attract flying males. This inability to disperse aerially confines her subsequent egg-laying site to the immediate vicinity of her emergence point.

What specific adaptation defines the female Operophtera brumata regarding movement?
insectmothappearancecharacteristicwing