What did the original, broad application of Pantherophis obsoletus historically encompass?

Answer

A broad label for large, non-venomous North American colubrids

Prior to the advent of modern genetic analysis, the designation *Pantherophis obsoletus* functioned as a comprehensive, catch-all taxonomic umbrella. This label was applied liberally to a wide array of large, non-venomous snakes belonging to the colubrid family found across extensive territories in North America, spanning from central areas eastward. This historical grouping meant that populations showing clear physical and localized adaptive differences across vast territories were frequently assigned the same species designation simply because they shared general characteristics fitting the loose description of a large rat snake.

What did the original, broad application of Pantherophis obsoletus historically encompass?
EcologyevolutionreptilesnakeWestern Rat Snake