In the successful captive breeding of *Hypancistrus zebra*, which parent assumes the sole responsibility for guarding the eggs and subsequent fry?
Answer
The male
The reproductive strategy employed by *Hypancistrus zebra* follows a pattern seen in many other members of the Loricariidae family, where parental duties are asymmetrical. Once the eggs are deposited within a secure, dark cavity suitable for cave spawning, the male takes sole custody of the clutch. His role involves diligent guarding, often for several weeks until the fry are large enough to become independent foragers, ensuring they receive constant access to oxygenated water by fanning the eggs with his fins.
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