Zebra Tarantula Facts

The Aphonopelma seemanni, commonly known by several descriptive names, is a striking arachnid that has captured the attention of many enthusiasts. ^[7] Known internationally as the Costa Rican Zebra Tarantula, ^[2][5][7] it also goes by the moniker Striped Knee Tarantula, ^[7] or sometimes the Costa Rican Striped Knee Tarantula. ^[7] While "Zebra" might suggest stripes across the entire body, the defining characteristic is actually the prominent white or cream-colored banding found specifically on the joints of its legs, often referred to as the 'knees'. ^[1][2][5] This visual distinction sets it apart, making the "Striped Knee" name perhaps the most taxonomically descriptive of its common identifiers. ^[7]

# Physical Traits

The coloration of this species is typically a stark black or a very deep brown across the cephalothorax and abdomen. ^[1][5] This dark background dramatically contrasts with the light markings on the legs. ^[2] As a terrestrial species, it spends most of its life on the ground. ^[5][6][9] When fully grown, females are noticeably larger than their male counterparts. ^[1] Mature females can achieve a leg span reaching up to approximately 5.5 inches. ^[5] Males tend to mature faster, often appearing slightly smaller overall when mature compared to a fully grown female. ^[5]

# Native Environment

The natural home of the Aphonopelma seemanni is Central America, with its primary distribution being Costa Rica. ^[2][5][7] Within this region, they are adapted to environments described as dry forests. ^[4] In the wild, these tarantulas are known to exhibit significant fossorial (burrowing) behavior. ^[4][5][6] They construct and inhabit burrows, which provide them with a stable microclimate, offering protection from temperature fluctuations and predators. ^[4]

Zebra Tarantula Diet

# Behavior and Defense

When it comes to temperament, the Zebra Tarantula is generally regarded as being on the more docile end of the spectrum for the tarantula hobby. ^[3][5][8] This relative calmness, combined with its striking looks, contributes to its popularity among keepers, sometimes leading to it being recommended for those new to keeping tarantulas. ^[3][8] However, like many New World species, they possess a chemical defense mechanism that should not be ignored. ^[1][5] When feeling threatened or stressed, A. seemanni will employ the use of urticating hairs. ^[1][5] These fine hairs are flicked from the spider's abdomen using its hind legs toward the perceived threat. ^[1][5] Contact with skin can cause irritation and itching, and if they reach the eyes or respiratory system, they can be considerably more problematic. ^[5] While they can bite if severely provoked or mishandled, it is not their first line of defense. ^[5] It is also worth noting that despite their generally calm demeanor, they are capable of moving quite rapidly when they choose to flee. ^[1]

# Setting Up Home

Keeping the Costa Rican Zebra Tarantula successfully requires acknowledging its terrestrial nature. ^[6] The enclosure setup should prioritize floor space over vertical height, minimizing the distance the spider would fall if it climbs. ^[6] For an adult specimen, a secure enclosure, perhaps in the 5 to 10-gallon range, is commonly suggested, provided it offers ample surface area. ^[5] Security is paramount, meaning the enclosure must have a tightly fitting and locking lid to prevent escapes. ^[5]

A critical element for A. seemanni husbandry is the substrate. ^[5][6] Because these spiders are natural burrowers, they require a substantial amount of deep substrate material to allow for natural digging behavior. ^[5][6] Aiming for a depth of about four to six inches allows them to create their own secure hideaway, mimicking their natural environment more closely than simply providing a pre-made structure. ^[5][6] A good substrate mix that retains shape for digging is often preferred. ^[6]

Beyond the substrate, a dedicated hide is still recommended, often a piece of cork bark or a commercially available small shelter placed partially buried into the substrate. ^[5][6] Furthermore, providing a source of fresh water is non-negotiable; a shallow, wide water dish should be kept available at all times. ^[5]

Compared to some tropical species, the humidity requirements for this arachnid are relatively straightforward, leaning towards drier conditions. ^[5][6] They thrive at typical room temperatures, generally not requiring supplemental heat sources if the house is kept comfortably warm. ^[5] Owners should err on the side of caution regarding misting; while they need hydration, excessive dampness in the substrate can lead to stagnant conditions detrimental to the spider's health. ^[5][6] A light misting of one side of the enclosure occasionally, or simply keeping the water dish full, often suffices to maintain the necessary environmental balance. ^[5]

Zebra Tarantula Evolution

# Longevity and Life Cycles

The lifespan variation between the sexes in Aphonopelma seemanni is one of the more dramatic aspects of their biology. ^[5] While the females are known for their longevity, potentially living for two decades or more with excellent care, the males have a much shorter adult tenure. ^[5] Once a male reaches sexual maturity, his remaining lifespan is often only about three to five years. ^[5] This difference means that when acquiring a pair, keepers must manage expectations regarding long-term companionship with the male, whereas the female can be a long-term resident of the collection. ^[5] This disparity in lifespan is common across many tarantula genera, but the two-decade potential for the female A. seemanni is certainly noteworthy. ^[5]