What specific visual trait defines the dorsal surface of *Potamotrygon leopoldi*?

Answer

Dark brown to black surface covered in bright white or yellowish spots

The physical characteristics, or morphology, are intrinsically linked to the scientific classification and common naming of the ray. *Potamotrygon leopoldi* is visually striking due to its high-contrast pattern on the dorsal side. This pattern consists of a dark base coloration, typically described as dark brown to black, which is overlaid with bright white or sometimes yellowish spots. These spots have the potential to coalesce or merge together, forming larger blotches, which directly explains why one of its common names is the 'White-blotched river stingray,' serving as a key identifier separate from closely related species.

What specific visual trait defines the dorsal surface of *Potamotrygon leopoldi*?
RayclassificationfishriverXingu