What distinctive feature marks the adult male Common Yellowthroat in breeding plumage?

Answer

A broad black mask across his face

The adult male Common Yellowthroat in full breeding plumage exhibits unmistakable physical characteristics, notably a broad black mask covering the area across his face. This feature is a key element of sexual dimorphism when comparing him to the female, who lacks this dark facial marking and instead has brown coloration there. Furthermore, the male's black mask is typically bordered above by a conspicuous gray or white band. This striking contrast, combined with the vibrant yellow on the throat and breast against olive-brown upperparts, makes the male highly conspicuous despite the species' overall secretive nature.

What distinctive feature marks the adult male Common Yellowthroat in breeding plumage?
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