How do habitat preferences in Wisconsin for *Bombus fernaldae* compare to those in the Northeast?
Answer
The preferred environments echo patterns seen in the East, including disturbed habitats and forest edges.
The environmental preferences documented for *Bombus fernaldae* in the Upper Midwest, specifically Wisconsin, mirror the patterns observed in Eastern states like New York and Vermont. Surveys in Wisconsin link the species to disturbed habitats, agricultural landscapes, and areas where forest edges meet open space. This indicates that the key determinant is habitat structure and the convergence of nectar sources and host availability, rather than strictly defined climatic or geographic zones, even when moving westward across the range.

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