How did scientists determine the age of P. leopoldi individuals in research studies?
Counting growth bands on vertebrae
To accurately ascertain the age of *P. leopoldi*, scientists utilize precise methods involving skeletal analysis. The primary technique involves examining the vertebrae of the stingrays and meticulously counting the growth bands that form within these structures over time. This methodology is often enhanced and validated through supplementary techniques; for instance, fluorescent dyes might be injected into live specimens to mark current growth progression, allowing researchers to compare the visible mark against the established historical bands. Studies employing this validated technique indicated that individuals of this species can attain ages of at least 11 years, suggesting a comparatively long lifespan for a freshwater stingray.
