What purpose does the hard, spine-like scale terminating the tail of Carphophis species serve defensively?
Answer
The snake uses it defensively by probing or poking against the skin.
The tail of the worm snake species terminates in a structure described as a hard, spine-like scale. While this spine is definitely present, it is noted to be too blunt to cause penetration of human skin. Its use in defense is characterized by the snake employing it by probing or pushing it against the skin in a repetitive motion, often described as 'poke, poke, poke.' This action is purely defensive, intended to discourage disturbance or handling, and results in no actual injury. This physical action is one component of their non-aggressive defense strategy, which also includes attempting to escape rapidly or releasing musk.
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