What is the likely evolutionary purpose of the striking black and white banding on *H. zebra*?
Answer
Effective camouflage against dappled light and complex textures
The distinctive, high-contrast black and white banding pattern characteristic of *Hypancistrus zebra* serves a crucial ecological role related to crypsis within its native environment. This coloration pattern is hypothesized to function as excellent camouflage, allowing the fish to blend seamlessly against the highly textured, rocky substrate of the riverbed, especially when the water surface creates dappled light patterns moving over the rocks. This adaptation is a key component of its successful niche occupation over geological timescales.
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