How do major hydroelectric dams create an ecological bottleneck for *H. zebra*?
Answer
By altering hydrography faster than evolution can adapt
The construction of major dams fundamentally modifies the river's hydrography, resulting in a rapid shift away from the established, necessary physiochemical parameters like laminar flow and high oxygenation required by *H. zebra*. This rapid environmental modification acts as an ecological bottleneck because the pace of habitat destruction and alteration far exceeds the species' inherent ability to evolve compensatory countermeasures through the slow process of natural selection, placing immediate and severe stress on the wild population.

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