What is the function of the clitellum in sexually mature earthworms?
Answer
Producing the cocoon in which eggs are deposited.
The clitellum serves a vital role in the reproductive cycle of mature earthworms. It is specifically described as a glandular, saddle-like band located near the anterior end of the body. This structure secretes a mucous layer that eventually forms the protective cocoon. After mating, the clitellum secretes a ring that slides forward off the body, collecting eggs and sperm within it before eventually sealing off to form the tough, protective cocoon where fertilization and embryonic development take place. This structure is a critical morphological marker used in classification and reproduction within certain Annelid classes.
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