What becomes the primary caloric source for *Aix sponsa* during late fall and winter months?

Answer

Seeds and nuts

The feeding habits of the Wood Duck demonstrate expert adaptation to seasonal availability, especially in forested pond and swamp environments. As the growing season ends and colder months set in, the diet shifts substantially to rely on stored, high-energy items that remain accessible throughout the winter. Seeds and nuts, particularly acorns which are abundant in autumn, represent the most significant source of calories during this period. This reliance on fat and carbohydrate-rich reserves is crucial for survival when softer vegetative matter and active invertebrates are scarce due to cold temperatures.

What becomes the primary caloric source for *Aix sponsa* during late fall and winter months?
dietbirdwood duckwaterfowl