What are the common human introduction mechanisms that spread the walking catfish outside its native range?

Accidental introduction through the aquarium trade or deliberate release for sport fishing

The spread of the walking catfish into new, non-native environments, such as Florida, is predominantly facilitated by human activities rather than natural dispersal mechanisms. The mechanisms identified for its initial introduction often involve human interaction with the pet trade or recreational fishing practices. Specifically, the fish may be introduced accidentally when unwanted pets from the aquarium trade are released into local waterways. Additionally, deliberate introduction has occurred when individuals release them into water bodies for the purpose of sport fishing. Once released, their inherent resilience and ability to bridge surface gaps between water bodies using overland travel ensure their rapid propagation.