Where is the female Whinchat typically observed constructing her cup-shaped nest?

Hidden close to the ground, often in a tussock of grass or heather.

The female Whinchat assumes sole responsibility for the construction of the nest, which must be carefully concealed to protect the eggs and subsequently the altricial young from ground predators. The structure itself is neat and cup-shaped, and its placement is highly specific to the low-growing vegetation preferred by the species. The nest is constructed very close to the ground surface, usually carefully hidden within a dense tussock of dry grass or a thick clump of heather. It can also be built into a slight depression in the ground, providing insulation and camouflage. Materials used typically consist of dry grasses, moss, and fine rootlets for the structure, often lined with softer elements like feathers or animal hair to cushion the clutch of four to six eggs.