What evolutionary process rapidly introduces novel plumage variation via genetic exchange across species lines?
Answer
Introgression
Introgression is the specific term used to describe the movement or transfer of genetic material, such as specific genes responsible for vibrant plumage, from one species population into another, typically across species lines among closely related lineages. This phenomenon is significant because it allows a population to rapidly acquire complex variations—like a specific shade of yellow or black pattern—without waiting for that variation to arise independently through *de novo* mutation within the recipient population. This exchange is favored among close relatives whose genomes are similar enough to incorporate the introduced genes successfully, providing rapid access to novel variation.
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