What does the strong site-fidelity and requirement for specific montane conditions suggest about the genetic influence on *Z. l. oriantha*?
Answer
IBR showed a small but significant influence limiting gene flow
The subspecies *Z. l. oriantha* requires specific montane conditions and exhibits strong site-fidelity, meaning it is less likely to move randomly across unsuitable terrain compared to highly migratory species. Because of this specialization and adherence to specific landscapes, the model of Isolation by Resistance (IBR) played a small yet significant role in shaping its genetic structure. This indicates that traversing unsuitable slopes or elevations—the resistance factors in the landscape—definitely impose constraints on gene flow for this specialized population.
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