How do the underparts of the Willow Warbler generally compare regarding paleness and yellow wash against the Chiffchaff?
Answer
Underparts are generally paler overall, and any yellow wash on the flanks is usually less intense than on a Chiffchaff.
When examining the underside of the Willow Warbler, the breast, belly, and vent areas are characteristically pale, appearing off-white or very pale buff. This provides a necessary contrast to the duller upperparts. Compared to the Chiffchaff, the overall impression of the Willow Warbler’s underparts is one of greater paleness. Although some *P. trochilus* individuals might display a faint yellowish wash on the throat or flanks, this yellowing is consistently described as being less extensive and less intense than the yellow wash frequently observed on a Chiffchaff.
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