Why is Yarara venom adapted specifically to rapidly subdue endothermic prey like rodents?

Answer

Because larger, endothermic prey constitutes the most crucial food source for reproductively mature individuals

The chemical structure and action of the venom produced by Yarara snakes are directly linked to their primary nutritional needs as they reach maturity. The venom is described as hemotoxic, meaning it targets blood cells and tissues. This mechanism is particularly effective against the complex circulatory systems found in warm-blooded animals such as mammals and birds, which possess higher blood pressure and greater overall metabolic activity compared to cold-blooded prey. Since reproductively mature individuals require a much larger caloric payoff to support reproduction and maintenance, their evolutionary pressure favors specialized venom delivery systems that can quickly neutralize warm, actively moving, and high-value prey like rodents, making mammals the ultimate dietary goal for adults.

Why is Yarara venom adapted specifically to rapidly subdue endothermic prey like rodents?

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