Where are the largest populations of feral water buffalo famously established?

northern Australia

The most significant feral populations of water buffalo are located in northern Australia. These herds were established following introductions made in the late 19th century, originating from British colonies along the Cobourg Peninsula. These introduced animals have since adapted to the environment, forming substantial feral groups that contrast sharply with their managed agricultural counterparts elsewhere. These Australian feral herds even hold cultural significance, having been depicted in ancient rock art sites by Aboriginal Australians under the name nganaparru.