What is the primary reason the recessive gene frequency is significantly higher on the core islands compared to the mainland?

Answer

The islands functioned as semi-isolated environments allowing fixation within localized gene pools

The islands, being geographically separated, likely functioned as semi-isolated environments for long periods, allowing the recessive trait to become fixed within those localized gene pools at a much greater frequency than in the larger, more intermingling mainland black bear populations.

What is the primary reason the recessive gene frequency is significantly higher on the core islands compared to the mainland?
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