What is the approximate maximum flight radius hornets can maintain away from their nest?

Answer

Up to $8 ext{km}$ ($5 ext{mi}$)

The text states that the flight radius of *V. mandarinia* can extend up to $8 ext{km}$ ($5 ext{mi}$) away from the nest, which complicates simple tracking methods.

What is the approximate maximum flight radius hornets can maintain away from their nest?
Predatorinsecthornetgiant hornet