How does the foraging style of the Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher differ regarding water immersion from typical diving kingfishers?

They often capture prey from the ground or foliage without fully submerging

While the Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher is often found near water sources like small forest streams and sluggish ponds—sources that sustain its diet of small fish and amphibians—its hunting technique deviates significantly from that of classic diving kingfishers. Instead of relying on plunge-diving, this species frequently captures its prey, which includes terrestrial invertebrates such as insects and spiders, directly from the ground or the surrounding foliage. This behavior allows them to hunt terrestrial food items effectively without needing to completely submerge themselves in the water, providing a distinct behavioral advantage, especially where water bodies might be shallow or unsuitable for deep dives.