How do chronic stressors like nitrate buildup affect the lifespan of an Asian Arowana?

They can reduce life from 25 years down to 10 or 12 years.

Water quality maintenance is paramount for maximizing the longevity of the Asian Arowana because these fish are highly sensitive to fluctuating parameters. Neglecting consistent, large-volume water changes leads to the accumulation of metabolic wastes, such as nitrates, which act as chronic stressors over time. This continuous low-level stress prevents the fish from reaching its full potential. A fish subjected to subpar, waste-laden water conditions might see its life cut short, potentially surviving only 10 or 12 years, while a fish kept in pristine water could achieve 25 years or more, illustrating that longevity requires avoiding chronic decline, not just outright acute death.